According to the Writers Express handbook , a high-quality summary requires a systematic approach to reading and note-taking:
: Authors often repeat key ideas for emphasis. Record these ideas only once in your notes to keep the summary lean. Page269
: Replace long descriptions with single, impactful words. For example, instead of writing "gets crushed down into," use the word "compacts." According to the Writers Express handbook , a
: While taking notes, ensure you can answer Who, What, Where, When, and Why . This helps capture the core narrative or argument. For example, instead of writing "gets crushed down
: Can someone who hasn't read the original text understand the main points?
: Avoid including interesting but non-essential details. If a piece of information doesn't change the overall meaning of the text, leave it out. Summary Checklist