Add your substrate, then fill the tank with water. Use a water conditioner (dechlorinator) to remove harmful chlorine from tap water.
To get started, you will need the following core components: Freshwater Aquariums Basic Aquarium Setup and M...
Perform a 20-25% water change . Use a siphon to vacuum the substrate, removing settled waste. Always treat new water with conditioner before adding it. Add your substrate, then fill the tank with water
Before adding fish, you must "cycle" the tank. This is the process of growing beneficial bacteria that convert ammonia (from fish waste) into nitrites, and finally into less harmful nitrates. This typically takes 4–6 weeks. You can speed this up using bottled bacteria starters or "seeding" from an established aquarium. Phase 4: Maintenance Routine Consistent care is the secret to a thriving tank. Use a siphon to vacuum the substrate, removing settled waste
Invest in a liquid test kit to monitor pH, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels.
Place the tank on a level, sturdy stand away from direct sunlight (to prevent algae) and drafty windows.
For beginners, a 20-gallon tank is often recommended. Larger volumes are actually easier to maintain because water chemistry stays more stable.