Chronic captivity stress in wild animals is highly species-specific
“It's basic biology,” Rose says. A captive-born orca that has never lived in the ocean still has the same innate drives, she says. National Geographic Captivity
: Captives often use mental detachment, hopeful visualization, and routines to survive. Animal Captivity Chronic captivity stress in wild animals is highly
For humans, captivity is a profound disruption of autonomy and lifestyle. often causing immediate trauma and anxiety.
: Sudden capture leads to "lifestyle shock," where social and physical supports vanish instantly, often causing immediate trauma and anxiety.
